Daniel Barenboim was born in Buenos Aires on November 15, 1942, into a family of Ukrainian Jewish descent.
Daniel's mother was his first piano teacher; he later studied with his father, Enrique Barenboim, who was an eminent music professor. After playing for the noted violinist
Adolph Busch, who was impressed by his talent,
Daniel made his debut recital at the age of seven. In 1951, he played at the
Mozarteum in Salzburg and observed
Igor Markevitch's conducting class. The family moved to Israel in 1952; two years later,
Daniel went back to Salzburg for a conducting course with
Markevitch, piano studies with
Edwin Fischer, and chamber music performance with
Enrico Mainardi. He studied conducting with
Carlo Zecchi at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena, also attending
Nadia Boulanger's music theory and composition class at Fontainebleau. His U.S. debut was at New York's Carnegie Hall on January 20, 1957, in
Prokofiev's Piano Concerto No. 1, with
Leopold Stokowski conducting the
Symphony of the Air.
Debuts with leading orchestras included the
London Symphony Orchestra (New York, 1968),
Berlin Philharmonic (1969), and
New York Philharmonic (1970). Since then he has guest conducted virtually all of the world's leading orchestras.
In 1967,
Barenboim married the brilliant cellist
Jacqueline Du Pré, with whom he made several exceptional recital recordings. Unfortunately, this partnership ended when
Du Pré contracted multiple sclerosis, which forced her to end her playing career in 1972. She died in 1987.
In 1989 he was named as
Sir George Solti's successor as music director of the
Chicago Symphony Orchestra. In 1992,
Barenboim became music director of the Berlin State Opera, then named chief conductor for life by its orchestra in 2002. In 1999, with Palestinian-American scholar Edward Said,
Barenboim co-founded the
West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, a summer youth orchestra designed to foster understanding and cooperation, and he established the Barenboim-Said Academy in Berlin. Devoted to the training of young Arab and Israeli musicians, the school opened in 2016. A recording of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 by the
West-Eastern Divan Orchestra appeared in 2013.
Barenboim has a rich recorded repertoire as a conductor, pianist, accompanist, and chamber music player. Interestingly, as a pianist, he tends to focus on
Mozart,
Beethoven, and the early Romantics, while as a conductor he favors later Romantic music, particularly
Brahms and
Bruckner (he has won a medal from the Bruckner Society of America).
Barenboim's recorded output continued to be abundant through his eighth decade, including not only standard repertory, but such novelties as
On My New Piano (2016), an album devoted to the capabilities of an instrument custom-made for
Barenboim by Belgian builder Chris Maene, and based on a piano owned by
Liszt. As a conductor he continued to undertake lengthy, difficult scores by the likes of
Bruckner and
Mahler. His 2017 recording of
Elgar's The Dream of Gerontius with the
Staatskapelle Berlin was critically acclaimed.